Take 10 #37: Visual navigation
Ten useful take-aways for tips for improving visual observation and perception skills at sea
1 Mission-critical
Visual observations are critical to safe navigation. Navigators should continuously work on improving their powers of observations.
2 All available means
The value of visual observations is greatly enhanced when combined with relevant electronic tools. Rule 5 of the Colregs requires lookout by ‘all means appropriate’. This includes visual, audio, as well as radar, AIS and more.
3 Practice makes perfect
Visual techniques can be continuously improved, but they do need to be practised – this can be very rewarding!
4 On track
Leading (or range) lights and markers are extremely effective in port. Buildings and other fixed objects ashore can also be key indicators to help guide your way.
5 Free-flow
Watching how water flows past a fixed object is a very effective method for identifying the rate and direction of current.
6 Collusion cues
Using the edge of a bridge window is an excellent and quick way of assessing risk of collision.
7 Structures and speed
When approaching a berth at slow speeds, comparing your ship’s structure with fixed structures ashore (bollards, cranes, etc) can be far more effective than using electronic tools when assessing speed and direction.
8 By degrees
Watching the foremast against the horizon is an excellent means of assessing rate of turn.
9 Gathering clues
Observing visual clues from other vessels, such as propeller wash or anchor chain tension, can tell you a lot about their intended actions and the environment around them.
10 Mentoring matters
Visual techniques are best learned and taught on board; take every opportunity you can to learn from others (particularly pilots) and share your own knowledge with others.